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Glossary


American Cranberry Growers Association
An association of cranberry growers from throughout the United States formed as a trade and information forum for the dissemination of successful cranberry-growing practices and marketing standardization in the industry.

Appalachian Mountains
A mountain system of eastern North America extending from the Canadian Maritime provinces southwestward to central Alabama, including the ridge and valley area of northwestern New Jersey.

Aquifer
A geological formation of permeable rock, gravel, or sand containing or conducting groundwater, especially one that supplies water for wells, springs, etc.

Atlantic Coastal Plain
A large area of low, flat land lying next to the Atlantic Ocean. It was formed when ocean water levels dropped enough to allow the continental shelf to remain uncovered.

Capital
Wealth in money or property owned or employed in business by an individual or firm.

Cook, George
Nineteenth Century New Jersey State Geologist and Rutgers University Professor of Chemistry whose research in soil qualities and successful agricultural practices contributed to the successful development of the state's cranberry and blueberry industries.

Coville, Frederick
U.S.D.A. official who accepted Elizabeth White's invitation in 1911 to continue his cultivated blueberry research at Whitesbog.

Great Irish Potato Famine
A period between 1845 and 1850 in Ireland when, despite large quantities of food being grown for export, over one million Irish people starved to death during a potato blight, and another one and one-half million left Ireland to emigrate to the United States, Britain, or Australia.

Marl
A prominent soil found in many parts of South Jersey, comprised of glaucomite, clay, sand, and marine fossils.

Morrill Land Act of 1862
Introduced in Congress by Senator Justin S. Morrill of Vermont and signed into law by Abraham Lincoln in 1862, it provided states with 30,000 acres of land for each representative and senator in Congress as an endowment for the establishment of state agricultural schools designed to promote scientific research and training for farmers.

New Jersey Cranberry Growers Association
An association of cranberry growers from New Jersey formed as a trade and information forum for the dissemination of successful cranberry-growing practices and marketing standardization in the industry.

New Jersey Pine Barrens
Extensive wilderness tract approximately 2,000 square miles lying within the Atlantic Coastal Plain, characterized by flat land and acidic or sterile soils, supporting few forms of traditional agriculture.

Pemmican
Dried beef or venison meat pounded into a powder and mixed with fat and dried berries.

Peninsula
An area of land almost completely surrounded by water except for an isthmus connecting it with the mainland.

Providence
The foreseeing care and guidance of God or Nature over the creatures of the earth.

White, Elizabeth
Daughter of J.J. White, Elizabeth continued her father's cranberry production while expanding into cultivated blueberry production. Her research efforts, over a forty-year period, directly established the New Jersey commercial cultivated blueberry industry.

White, J.J.
Late Nineteenth Century New Jersey cranberry grower whose land holdings were located in Burlington County and named Whitesbog. His pioneering efforts in developing and growing cranberries contributed greatly to the knowledge base for successful cranberry production.